I’m not sure about diamonds, but with gold, the higher the carats, the closer to pure gold it is. At a certain number of carats, it is pure gold. I’d imagine it’s similar with diamonds.
Carat is a unit of measurement.
1 carat = 200 milligrams
Don’t know if there is a rule of thumb but I’d say it would have to depend on how deep the diamond is so it wouldn’t be simple math (area of a circle). If the diamond is shallow, the face of it will look wide but it won’t be as brilliant - the cut is important. What you may want to do for comparison’s sake is go on an internet site selling diamonds (loose ones) pick a couple 0.5 ct sizes in the shape you want (round = solitaire) and look at the dimensions… then pick a couple 1.0 ct sizes and check out its dimensions - that will show you the relative sizes to each other.
Also, with earrings - is it total carat weight or each earring? If you have 1.0 tcw, each earring will be 0.5 cts.
To the guy below me: carats are a measure of weight (as described by the guy above me) - since diamonds are all made of the same stuff (therefore have the same density) the higher the carats, the more weight, the more volume, and the more volume, the bigger the size. Of course number of carats correspond with size! Cut is also important and will effect how big something *looks* but a 1.0 carat diamond will always be heavy (and therefore bigger) than a 0.5 ct diamond.
the word carat doesn’t go by size for diamonds its GOES by the cut of the diamond. go to a diamond store and ask for a two carat and then ask for a three carat and you will see size does not mater